苯_甲苯浮阀式精馏塔的设计说明
下载可编辑.业.专理.整下载可辑化工原理编程设计课务任书一计题目:苯-设甲苯续连阀浮式精塔馏的计设二任要求务设一计续连浮式精阀馏塔分离苯和以苯,甲具体艺参数如工:下料原料加F=75量kolmh进料组成/f=0x.41馏出组液成液组成塔釜顶压力Dx09.56xW00.35P01.315k2Pa板单压0.降7Pak进状态料0.q6592工操作条艺:件压常馏,精塔顶全凝,塔底器间接热,加点泡回。流三要主计设1、容设方计的案选择流程说明及、工2计算艺、3要主设工艺尺备寸计设(1塔)及径板塔构结尺的寸确定2)(板塔流体的学校核力3)(塔板的荷性负能图()总塔高44辅、助备设型选计与设算计果汇总5、结艺流工图及精程塔设备馏件图条专..业整理.载下可辑编录目任务书.........................................................................目1录........................................................................Ⅱ摘要.........................................................................1第1章论绪.................................................................21.1设流计程.................................................................1.22设计思路.................................................................第22章精馏塔工的设计艺.................................................42.1产品浓度计的算...........................................................2.24最小回比的计流和算宜回适流的确比定........................................52.3物衡料算.................................................................6.4精馏2段和馏提段操作方线..程..............................................7..52逐法确板理定论板及进料数置位(程编)......................................72.6全效率、实塔板际及实数际料位置加.........................................7第3章精馏主塔工要艺尺寸设计的计.算.................................83.1物性据数算计.............................................................832精.馏主要工艺尺塔的计寸算...............................................103..3板主要工艺塔尺寸计算的..................................................123.4塔流板体学校核力........................................................1535.塔板合符能图..性........................................................174第章热衡量算...........................................................214.1热量衡示算图意..........................................................21.24热量衡算................................................................12第5章塔附属设备计算的................................................255.1筒体与封头.........................
.....................................255.除2器沫..................................................................25.35座裙....................................................................25.45塔总高度的设计体........................................................55.2换5器热(料预热进或产品器却器冷的)计计设..算.............................625.6料进的设管计............................................................72.5泵7选型的................................................................75.82贮罐的算计.............................................................2.8第6结章论................................................................29.16论...结................................................................29.62.要数据结果主总汇........................................................92束结..语....................................................................92参考献文......................................................................31附录1主要号符明说........................................................32附录2程序图..框...........................................................34附录精3馏工塔条件艺..图...............................................3.5录4附生产艺流程工图.....................................................36师教评语...................................................错误!定义未签书。.专业整.理.载下编辑摘可本要次化工原课理设计,设程出了苯—计甲得苯离设备分连续浮阀式—馏塔精。进料尔分数摩为0.4,4使顶产品苯的塔摩尔量含达到0.659,塔底液摩尔釜数为分0.。综工艺合方便经济及安,多全方面虑考本设,计采了浮用式塔板对阀—苯甲苯溶进液行分离纯。提照按逐板计法理算塔论板为数16块,其精中馏段板数塔为7块,提段馏塔数为9块。根据经验是算得板全效率为塔0.535,塔顶用使凝器,泡点回全。流精馏实际板数为段13块,馏段实际板数提1为5,块际实加板位置在第料4块1板。精馏段由的艺工计算得塔经到1,m塔总高1.6m8通过。体力学流算验明表塔的此艺尺工符寸要合求,由荷负能图性可看出此以馏精塔有好的操较性做能精馏,段作操弹为1.48。塔的性属设备附,中有管所均采用线缝无钢,管预器热用管采式换壳热器用1。3.3℃饱3和蒸气水加,饱和热蒸水气壳程走,进料走液管程。关键:苯词甲—苯阀精浮馏料衡物算.专业.整理.下可载编辑第1章绪论.11设流程计本设任计务分离为苯—甲苯—合混物对。于元二合物混分离,应采用的续精连流程馏。将原液料通预热器过热加至泡后点入精馏送塔。塔上顶蒸气采用全升凝器凝,冷冷液凝泡点下在
一部分流至塔,回其余分经部产冷却器冷品却后送储至。罐该系属物分物易系最,回流小比较,故小作回操流取比小回最比的流2。塔倍釜用间采蒸接加热,汽底产塔品经却后送至冷罐。设储流计程图如框下:馏塔精的艺工设计馏精塔要主工尺寸艺的设计任务上规书定的产任务长生固期定,适宜采连用精流续流程。贮中罐的料液原用泵加机精入馏;塔釜再塔器沸用压蒸低汽为作热加热源料;精馏液塔塔设有顶全器凝,凝冷液分利部用力重点回泡;流分部连采出续产到品。简罐易流如程下具,流程见附体。图4F1D35量热算绘衡制艺流工图程工和艺条件2图塔W的附设属及主备要附件选型的1-原料,2罐-进罐料,-3、苯苯精馏塔甲,-4顶全凝器,5-塔再器沸1.2设计思路本次程课计设的任务设是计—甲苯苯精塔,塔型为馏阀式浮板塔,进为料组两份进,且苯料甲与的挥苯发有明显差别度,可用一塔个行精进分馏离要。离的分组分在常下均压液是体,此操因作常压下即在进行,可进为泡点料进,需预料器。热同在时顶设置塔冷器,凝塔底设在再沸器,由置塔顶于许不汽相出料,故采全用,又凝因设所计塔的较,高应用强制泵流回。.专.整理.业下可编载辑12.1加热方.式本计设加热方式的为塔间底加接。热1.2.2回比的流选择择选作回操比为最流小流比回的2。1.2.3塔倍顶凝器冷冷的凝方与式冷却介质的选冷择方式凝为凝,冷全介质为冷水。却12.4设计流.图程专.业.整.理下载编可辑精馏塔的工艺计设1.3品浓度的计产算M苯=7.811,甲M苯9=214.摩分尔X数=0F44.DX=0.659WX=0.035摩质量尔FM=FXM苯+(1X-FM)甲苯0=4478..11(10.449)2.1845.97g/kkmlMoDXDM苯(1D)M甲苯X0.96587.11(10.65)92.1497.861gk/kmolWMXW苯(M1XWM)甲苯.0350781.(11003.)5916.5916.k5g/molk22平均相对.发度的挥计算温度计算表2.1—甲苯苯的液平气与温度的关系表[1]温衡度苯%(mo/l分率)度温苯%/(mol分)率温苯/%度(oml分率)/C/0C0/0C液相气液相相气相液相气相110.6009.5239.76.184.8840.39.41061.1.8821.29.12489.71.082.390.39.7501.2202.037.08.949.527.98182.5.099.979.8360.05.006.870.80583.0.2801.01000.用插法求0得tFt、DtW、F:95t2.92.193.74.89tF592.4439.7Ft9.65C6tD:0.288.1210009.5.0tD0.28965.10.00t80D.9CtW110.:601061.021.2W1t016..530Wt10.986C故由上塔顶温度tD8.09C气相成组Dy:812.8.09279100..0809.0.8210y0D0010.yD792.%7进料度温Ft94.97C相气组成yF:9.529.216.18070.95.29.66561.8001Fy
yF58.0%4底温塔tW1度0.99C9气相成组Wy:110.60611.11.60190.68021.21000yWyW34.9%上温由和度气相成组计来算相挥对度发.专业整理..载可编下辑XF.04,4yF0.8540F0.5048/0.44(1058.04)/(1.4041.7605)D0.9X56,Dy0.7927D.90277/0965.(10.9277)/(109.56)12923.XW.0053yW,.03094W00.349/0035(10.0.394)(/1.0053)0.9709精则馏段平相对均发挥度1FD1.25624提馏平均段相挥对度2发DW211.474.14最小流比回计的和适算回宜流比确定的.2.1最小2回比流的算计由Antoine方程,nlpABTCp—温—度T时饱的和汽蒸压——T度,K温AB,C,——Antonei常数表2.2tF下nAtnieo常数1[]ABC苯苯1甲6.107315.0980396.5022887.15-3.56752-.36则:lnp苯1.50098-(96.56782.8152371.)55.3267.06p苯1146.54mHmgnl甲苯p16.1073(696.5306.52923.75)1536.76.16甲苯p47.334mmHg故p苯11464.5.522p苯甲43.743.业专.理.整下载可编辑ynx1(1)nXn]2.25Xn因为q.9605则q方线程为:yeqq1eXXqf1.905600.35Xe.4040.305气液回相方程流得y0.e17eX.042RminXny)YeeX0e8.8取操作回流比RRm2ni1.67.2.22适回流宜比的定设计确中令流回比R12Rm.in.12.4811.8715.物料衡算F:料进量(mKol/)sXF=0.44原料成组摩(尔数分,下同)D:顶产塔流品(Kmo量/l)sXD=096.5塔顶组成W:塔残底夜量流(mKols)/WX=0.305塔组底成进量料:F5km9o/lh0.026koml/sFDWXFDXFDWXW1.361031.6310DW3.40900.957D0.01W2物料衡算为式:因R1=.76D0011.moK/l,sW0..01K5oml/sLR1.D70.06110.01Kmol9/sLLqF0.1090.9560.0260.44Km0lo/sVR(1D)(.7611)0.110.000Km3lo/s表.32物料衡结算果表1物料量流k(mol/)s进料F002.6顶塔品产D0.011塔底残夜W00.15表24.物衡料结算表果2料物馏精段上升汽量V蒸馏提段升上汽蒸量V组成苯0.44甲苯.50苯9.9065苯甲0.043苯.0甲苯098.8物流km(ols)/.0030.0.专业.整理.下可载编辑精馏段下降液体量L提段馏降液下体量L00.1900.4416.馏段和提精段操馏作方线程精段馏作线操方程:yLVxDVXD0.019.0003x0.956.00110.300y0.6x30.354()1馏段提操作方程线:yLVxWVXW0.044x0.015.00530.2090.20y91.25x.001(28)1.7逐板法定确论板理及进数料位(编置程)因.522,出相平衡得程y方x252.x或xy(3)1(1)x11.52x2.2155.2y又因塔为有全凝顶器,以y所1X0.96D5入代相平方衡得程x0.1916入代
(1式)y得20.913代入再3)(式得2x0.834复反算计y得0.8385,x307.534y.082,8x4.6065y50.67,7x5.5660y6.7001,x6.49307y06.56,x70.441y80.63,2x8.4005FX.044将x8代入2()式y得0.9985代入3)(得x90.71反复计算得3y1005.4,6x010323.y11047.3,1x10.263y21.3082x12,.097y1310.82,11x0.3143y41.108,6x140.8301y50.18,0x1500.64y610.052x16,0.201WX.030总理论5板为数16(块括再沸包器)第,块8板料加精馏段,7需块,提板段馏需9块。1.8塔效全率、际实数板及实际料位置加效率板奥康用奈公式E尔T0.49L(0.)254计算塔顶与釜平塔均温为度mt(DttW2)809.09.81692.58Ct3=5.98C3,时由化学化《物性数据工册手查》A得0.266mPa,sB028.5Pasm则lgLDXlgD.06261X()Dlg0.2850.96lg5.2066(0.1659)gl0285..057LD.0296Pma.s业专.理.整下可载编辑glWLWlgX02.661XW()lg0.258003.lg0.5266(10035.l)0g.820.555LW0282.mPsaL(LDLW2)0.6920.22820.276Pams故TE0.4(925.20.27)60.45205.35全塔即效率ET0.355则馏段实际板数精精N7/05.533块1提段馏实板数际提N(9)10/5.515块3故实板际数为实NN精提N135182块实,际料位加置第为14块板。塔第2章精馏塔要主艺工尺的寸设计算2计1.物数性据算3计1.1.操作压强的计算顶塔操作压力PD1.0tma101.325KPa每层取塔压板为P0降.K7a进P板压料力PF10.325107.1311.4052PKa塔底压力WP11.04520.71319.5152KPa馏段精均平压力P11(0.321511.402)/25105.875Ka提馏P段平压均力P2(10.4215191.25)5/214197.5KP3a..12操作温的度计算tD因8.0C9tF,96.65CtW,019.68C精馏则段平温度均1t(80.9696.5)/288.8C7馏段平提均度温2(t96.56109.86/)213.26C031.3.均摩尔平量质计的算顶塔平摩尔均质量算y1计XD0.965由平相方程得X1衡091.6,则MDV096.5781.1(019.6)592.1478.0kg/6kmolMDL09.67811.1(10.96)192.419.72kg/9kmlo进板平料均摩尔质量算计VMF0.6273.8111(0.36)92.2143827.gk/kolmMFL.00478.51(101.05)49.21486.64gkk/mol底塔平摩均尔质计量算VW0M.3570.81(101.05)3291.41965.kg/kmolMLW.0082778.111(0.2087)2.1941974.g/kkol0m精馏平段均摩尔质量计算VM7(86.083.72)/2809.kg4/molMkL(7929.86.46)/28288k./gkmlo提馏平段摩尔质均量计算.专业整理..下可编载辑VM(8.3792.174)2/8.715kg/kmolML(864.69.15)6/289.60k/gkoml.3.41体液平粘度均的计算液平均体度粘lg依ixilgi计算tD8.90时,查《C化化工学物性据数册》得手L0A3.5m0aPs,LB.0309PamsglLD0965lg.03.05(10.659)g0.3l09.015LD.009mP3as料进
板液平体均度粘计算的tF6.96C5时,查《化学工物化性数手据》册LA得0..628Pams,LB.0276PmalsgL0.405lgF026.8(1.040)5l0.g7620.75L0.F29mP6a塔底液s粘体度计算tW190.68C时,《化查学工化性物据数手》得LA册02.33mPs,aLB0.23mPa6sglLW0.03l50g.235(10.05)3l0g.246.580LW0.216Pmas馏段精相液均粘平度为:L1(0.0930.269)/20.82m9Pas提馏液段相平粘均为:度L2(02.69026.1)/20.625Pmas3.15.均密平度计算的(1)相平气均度密的算由理计想体状态气方计算程,即馏精段VP1MVTR1105.8758.9402.85gk/m3.8143(88.82773.15提馏)V段2PVRMT2114.9577.518.314810(3.26723.15)3.22k/gm3(2)液相均密度的平算计液相均密度依平1LMii又1AaBa(a质量为分数)MLLALBDt8.0C9时,查化学化《物工数据性册手得》LA8140.kg/0m3,BL098.21kgm3/1LD0.96581400.1.069509.182DL83.176gk/m3进料板由加料,板液相组,成xA.405则a0A.00540405.78.171.181(10.40)529.410.366Ft966.5C时,查化《化工物性学据数册》手得.专.整业.理下载可辑编LA78.49kg7m/3LB,7594.9kg/3m1LF0.447894.710.35705.9941.525103LF9768.k0/m3gwT=10.869时,查℃化学《化物工性数手册》据得AL780.47gk/m3,LB7804.k4g/m3L1W.0057380.470.031758.044LW708.44gk/m3故精馏段均液平相密为度(8精31.6797.860/28)5.04k2g/3m提馏段平均相液度为密提7(69.8078044./)2887.62gk/33.m.61液平相均面力表的算计有公式MLii计算顶塔相平液均面力表计算tD08.9C时,查化《化工物性数据手学》得A2册1.6mN1/m,B21.9m5/mLN0.D65921.16(10.695)21.592.18m1/m进N板料液相平表面均力算计t96F.65时,C《化查学工化物性据手数册》得A19.8m4N/m,B202.mN8/mLF040.195.48(104.50)20.829196.N/mm塔底相液均表面力平tW091.8C6时查,《学化工化性数物手据》册得A1.768mN/m,B1844m.N/mLW0.3057.6811(0.03518)4.31.48m0/mN馏段精均平表面为L(力12.18199.)62/20.57mN/m提段平馏均面表力为L19(.691.48)0/219.8mN1/m2.2精塔馏要主工尺艺的计算寸3.21.塔径计的算气液相积体流量为SV馏段:精VVVMV(VMDMVF).03007(.8068.27)32/.0528m3/sV2.5L8SLLML0.09182.8880.245019.60313ms/VS馏提:段VMVV002.879.150.78m38/s.232LSLML0L.0448906.788.62497.130m3/s.专.整理业下.载编可辑则,精馏段由umaxCLV,C可由V:CC20(L0)20.2求得,由密史关斯联查得,图的图坐标为:LS横SV(LV1/2)0.196
103.8025805.(241/)22.85.039,0取板间HT距.450板上,层高液h度L0.06m则H-TLh.4500.06.03m,9图3-1史密斯关.图[联]查史密斯1联图得关20C.0085,CC20(L2)00.2.0850(20.5)0.7220.0058mauxCLVVC0852.428.5.431m/s2.85取安系全数0为8.,空则气速为塔u0.um8ax0.81.431.44m1/s塔D径VS440.582097.4mu3.141144.标准塔径按圆后为整=Dm塔1面截为积TA4D23.1412407.85m2际空实塔气为速1u0.8502.857.1850m/s同理提段:由馏史斯关密联查图,图得的坐标为横:SLVS(LV)1/24.97130.7808(87.8261/)3222.0.099取间板H距T.04m,板上液层高度hL50.6m0,则.业.整专.下理载可编辑HThL0.9m3,查史斯关联密得C200.图080CC20(L20).200.08(091.180).2020.079umaCxLVV.007788.926322.1.24/m3.22s取安系数为全.70则,u.70umxa0.71.24085.8m/塔径s4VSD40.8780.9m9u.140385.8按准塔标径整后D圆m1塔面积截为AT4D23.1421400.7582m实空塔气速为:际u2VSAT07.8087.85.1003m/s32.2.精馏塔有效高度计的算馏精有效段度高Z精为N(精1)HT1(31)045.5.4m馏段有效高提为度Z提(N提1)HT1(5)10.456.m3精故馏塔的效有度为:Z高ZZ精提.546.311.m72.3塔板要工主尺艺的计算寸3.3.1溢装置计算流选用溢流单弓形降液管,采凹用受形液,盘各项计如下算:(1)长堰lW取lW.0D80.108.m,8(DD,故WllW.80)(2)溢流堰m度高hW精馏段:由WhhhOLW选用,平堰直,上堰液高度层hOW.8410002E(Lh)2/3lW近取E=1似,则Oh2.84W100011(.96013360)20/3.800.012m取板上层清高液度hL.006m,:则hWhLhWO0.6000.102.048m提馏段hOW:28.40001(14.970103.836002)/30.0225mhL取0.06,mhWLhhWO006.002.2050.73m5()弓形3液降管度高Wd和截面积Af精馏:由lW段/D0.8/10.8,.专业整理..载下编辑可图-3.2形弓降液的管度宽和积[面]5查形弓液降管参的图得:数A0.f5,1Wd.20TADAf0.5AT1015..07850.118m2Wd.20D02.10.m验算液2体降在管液中停留时,即间:fAHT0.118.40.90s55s故降液管设计合理h4L97.013提馏段:D因D0.3,mAfA故f0.0112mW,Wdd0.06m则0.0110.4.20961031636s.5s,故液管降计合理设。()4降管底隙液高h0度降液管取隙的底速流u0u00.08ms/则,精馏:段0hLhlW0u196.10308.0.800.031mhWh000.8400.13.00710.021提馏:段0hLhlWu04.97013.800.08001.8hWh0.037500.018001.90.012降液故底管高隙度设合计,选理
用凹受形盘液,深度hW5mm0.专.业理.整下载可编辑33.2.塔板置布本设计径塔DD1取阀m动孔因能F子F12则,馏精段速u孔0F0V127.11m/s2.85取d0d039mm采用,型F阀每层浮塔板上阀数目浮为:NSV402du00.85210个0.143(.009)3271.14边取区宽度WC缘0.0m5,破沫区度WS宽.006m算计塔板的上鼓泡面区积即,:aA2xr(2x2r2arscnix)180r其r中RD2WC12.05004.mD51x2(WdWS)(.0060.6)0.3802则Aa(2045.045.220.822331.404.52a2rcisn038.06.2m241800.54同理提馏段孔u0F速0V126.9m6/s322.层每板上的塔阀数目为:N浮4Vd0S0u07883..1(400.39)2466.99个9取边区宽缘为W度C0.5m0破沫,宽度区SW.006m因DD,则rr,xx故塔板上鼓泡的区面积AaAa0.26m24取心孔t距=75mm,采用正角三叉形绘排制排图的浮阀数列NN9功能因数,则u:10精馏段:SV4d00N8.25.134(00.9)324110649.m/sF0u01V.469.2581096塔板开孔.率:为1u1.085100%1.62%u076149.0u2提馏:段VS4d0N07.883.14(0.0932)41016.4m9/sF0u2V06003..221.707专业..理整.下可载编辑塔板孔率开为:u2.1001300%6.17%2u026.002.4板塔流体学力校核3.41.板阻力干体通气过板的压强降塔相当的柱液度,高依h据PhChLh计算板塔降压精馏段:uOC1.2857.13V182.573.1.85259.2/sm因uCuO10故:,hC534.V02Lu2g.534.25781128.0.254298.0.488m0提馏段:OCu1825.73.V1.1825731..3225.35/msu因COu0,:故hC.543Vu0L2g5.43.22366.2978.82629.80.047m394.2.板清塔液阻层力克,服表面力hf于由所分的苯和甲苯离合液混为氢化合碳物,可充气系取数000.5,知已上液层板高度LhhL.060m,以所hlhl0.hL505.hL0.5.06000.3m则精馏,段hfhClh0.4880003.00.78m8换算单板压成降强PphfLg0.0788058.429.8621.84PaK.07PaK提段hf馏hChl.00497.0030.097m7换算成单板压降pPhfg0.f790778.8879.816.696Ka0.P7PaK.433.塔淹(液)泛为了防止生发淹塔现,象求要制控降管中液液清度高Hd(THhW),HdhPhLh单层d体通气塔过板降所相当压液的柱高:度精馏:段Phhf0.078m8馏提:h段Phf0.790m7液通过体液降管的头损失压精馏::段dh0.531(LS)2lW0h0.13(159.603)2108..00139.56104提馏段mh:d0.135(LSWl0h)2.103(54.7910)230.800.18.0108m板上液高层度精:馏段hL00.m6,则dH00788.9.560140.060.138m9提馏段Lh0.0m,6:则.业.整专理.下可载编辑Hd0.09770.0
180.600157.m7取.50已选定H,TTH04.m5,hWWh.008m则4精,馏段(HThW).50(0.54.004)802.49mHd(HTWh,)所符以合止淹防塔的要求馏提段HT(h)W05.(0.4500.480).429mdH(HThW,所)以符合止淹防塔的要。求.344.物夹沫带VS公式由:泛点=率VLV13.L6ZSL10%0KCFb板上液A体流经长度:LZZLD2dW12.0206.m板液流上积面:bAAbATA2f0.85720.118.054m92图3-3泛点负因荷数[1]则精馏段:物性系数取K1=0,.点泛荷负系数查得图C0.F013,带入式公有:0.8522.581.36.091603106.泛率F点058.24.25810%07.75%410.103054.提9段馏:系数取K1.0=泛点负,荷数图查得C系F0101.泛率点0.78832.2136.497103..06F788.623.2210%087.12%10101.05.94.业专.整理.下载可辑编物夹带沫指是下塔板层产生雾滴被上升上流气到上层带塔板上现的象物沫,夹将导带塔致板效率降。为下避了物免夹带沫过量,使每千克应上气体中带升上层到板塔的体量液制在控一定,围才保证一能定生产的力能和板效率塔物沫。夹带量e应满足小V于01k.(液g)/gk干(气体的)要。求于大对径泛塔点需控制在8%以下,从以0上算计的果结知可其泛,点低于率08,%以所沫物夹带满要足求。2.5塔符合性能板图3.5.1沫物夹线V带泛S率=计算:点VVL1.3LS6ZL01%0据可做此出负荷性能图的沫物夹线带按。泛率点80%KCFAbV精S馏段0.82.8850524.2.85.136.0LS6101.030.49整理5得:VS.07851.639LS由式可知物沫夹上线为直线带则在操,围取两个作SL,值算出可VS表:31-物沫带曲夹表线1LSm(3/)VSsm3(/s)00.57800.0.1621V1S提段馏0.8322.7886.232.2.3160.6LS1.0031.5049整理:得00.6VS500.4520.82SL即,VS0.96512.26SL操在作取围个两L值S,算可V出:S表3-2物沫夹曲线带表2LS(3/ms)00.10VSm(3/s)0.695.56093.52液.泛线H(TWh)hPhldhhhC1hhLhd此由确液定泛线忽,式略中h(HTWh).345Vu20Lg2.105(3LSWhl02)1(0)[hW2.84(3E60L0S01000.24)/32]0uVSdN240精馏段专.业.整.理载下编辑可02.94.342.855SV20.531(LS2)280.254.98.087205.093410210.80.031(105.)0.[08428.4(3600SL)/2]10300..80SV231.7454.071SL22075.S2/3提L馏段整得理.2490534..32V2S20153.(L)S2278.682.8907.852.039410021.80.0081整理得1(0.5)[.0073528.43(006LS)2/31]0000.8V2S.29194391.35SL17298L.S23/在操作围,任若取个干LS值,算相应的出SV值表3-3泛线液精段馏提馏段L(Sm3/)0sV(mS3s/)317.SL(3m/s)0VSm3/s)(.9902.00023.100.00202.39
0.00035.040.00052.70.08080299.0.0008.283.3.53液负相荷限液上的最体流量应保证激昂也管大中留时停间低不于35s液-体降管液停留间时AfHT3-5sLS=5以s液为体在降管中停液时间的下限留,则(LS)mxaAfHT5=0.1100.450.10026m3s5/3..4漏5线液对F1于型重阀,依F0=5作为规定气体最小合的标准符,VS则d402Nu0精馏段(SVmin)4d20N00.87500.32911050.03983m/s.852提段馏(V)Simn4d02N00.785.0039210150.366m3/s.323.52.5想也荷负下线限2.48(36E00(SLm)n)i/32堰取上液层度高hOW0.=00m,6作为液负相下限条荷件,依1000lW0=.060,计算出LS的下值限此作出以相负荷下限液线该线为,气体流量与无的竖直关:线.专.业整.理下载可编取辑E1.=0,则(LS)mni(0.001006)0/232.481lW3600(0.0061000)/3228.40.8300668.213043m/s由上以-15作塔板负荷出能性图精馏塔段负板性荷能图y=49.408xVs/(m3/s).0260.13241500sL(/m3/)0.00s2-1沫夹物线带2液泛-线-液相负3下荷线限-4相液荷上负限线5-液线漏-操作线6Vs/(m3/s')3图-4精馏段板负荷性塔图能提段塔板负留性荷图能03.302.2.014610500.0100.020Ls'/(3ms)/y=163.2x-物1沫带夹线-液2线3泛液相负荷下限-4线液-负相荷限线5-漏上线液-6操线作图3-5留提塔段板荷性能图负由塔负板性能图可荷出看.业专整.理.下载可辑编()1在务任规的气定液负下的荷操点作P设计点)处(适宜在操作区适的中置。位()2踏板的相气荷负限上完全由雾沫夹带控制,操下线由作液控制漏。3)(按照固的定液气由塔板负荷比性能图出查踏的板相负气荷上限(V)Samx=.00680(0.62)m53s/,气相负下荷限(S)Vin=0.m032(00.03)3m/s,所以精馏操段弹作性为(VS)maxVS0.608.006414.8,提馏段操弹性作(为V)SaxVmS00625..04390.124.业.专理.整.13热量衡算示意图下载编可辑第3章热量衡算.32量衡热算.2.14热加介质的择选选择饱和水蒸气温度133,3C,工.大气程压为300PaK原因:蒸气清水易洁得不,易垢,不结蚀腐管道,饱和蒸气冷凝放热水值大,水而蒸气压越高力,冷温差凝大,越管程相数越小,应水但蒸不气宜太。高4..22却剂的冷择选本设计建选在厂,均气平温为25C,选用故25C的却水冷,温升10C,即冷却水出的口温度35为C。.243.热衡量(算)冷凝1器的热负荷蒸发潜化的热计算:蒸发潜热化与温的关度:系H2HVV1(11rT2T1r)0.38式中HV—蒸—发热T潜——对比r度温4.1沸点下表蒸发潜热列[6]表物质苯
沸点/C80.10发蒸热潜HV/Jkg1k9339.TC/k52.610苯11甲.0633365917.2由表.2使用1法,计插算出tDV,tLD1009.571007.990.28tV80D2.8.2tVD182.5C295.75.01090950.tLD1.820.28182.tDL1.08C6.专业.整理下载可编.辑tVD8.22C时,5苯:r2TTTC227.13582.250.62362510Tr.11TTC73.15208.1006285.6.12蒸发0潜H热V苯33.99(10632)0.3.810628.39.229kJk/g同理,甲:T苯2r1TTC27.3158.25592.1270.601Tr1TTC272.15311.6300.64591972.蒸发化热潜HV苯甲6331(.600)01.8310649.38112.Jkk/g由上知.60T1r.0,故由iPter偏心z子法因HVRTC7.8(10Tr)0.54310.5(91rT).4056式中—偏心因—子rT—对比温度—故:VIDIDLXDHV苯1(DX)HV苯甲09.5392629.(10.695)318.12365.22Jk/kg式中IVD——塔顶上升汽蒸的焓IL——D顶塔溜出的焓液QC又(R)D(I1DVILD)式中D—塔—顶体质液量数分R=17.6DMDD7.8600.0110.658C(1Q.67)1.8053665.228719.kJ3s/()冷却水2耗量消WCCQCP(t2tC1)式W中—C—冷却水耗消,量g/ksCC—P冷却介—在质平温均下的度比容,热J/k(gkC)t1t2,—冷—却指在戒凝冷器进出口的温,度故Ctt1t2525330C22此度下温却冷的比热容CPC4.水52Jk/kg(C)所,:以WCCQPC(t2tC1)817.943.2(355252).52k0/gs3()热加器负热荷及全塔量热衡算.专.整业理.下可载辑编温度0200406080110024表.2苯、苯液甲比热容态[6苯]1.5017.761.1677.1882.88111.9523.407甲苯16.30.16811.75178.341.920.19072.4表3.计算得苯甲、在苯同温度下混合不物比的热容C(kJP/kg)C物质塔顶釜塔进料精馏段馏提段苯苯甲1.88519061.99.2.91.349195.2.9091.9129.196149.2由表84.3,馏精:段:苯CP1(tLDFt).9109(08.996.6)53007.Jk/gk甲苯:C2P(tLDt)F.912980(9.966.)53.03kJ/8gk提馏段:苯:CP1(tWF)t.9614(0918.69665.)2.594Jk/kg苯:C甲2(tWPt)F19.8(209186.6965).2.68k1J/kg顶塔流液出的比容:热C1CP1PXD(1XDC)P21.09909.6050.513929..119kJ0(k/gC)塔釜溜出的比热液容CP2:C1PXW(1WX)CP219.4060.53(10.035)19.82.1982kJ/(kg)C进以料焓即,tF9.66C5时焓的为值基准:D00.1km1ols/W,0.105molks/QDDtDtCF1PdtDP1Ct.0101.911(800.996.65)033.k1J/sWQWWttFCP2dtWCP2t.0051.9128(01986.96.65)0.933Jks/全塔进对热量衡行算Q:FQSQDWQCQFQ0以,QS所0.3103.33879.19378.919k/sJ塔釜损失为热01%,则09%故QSQS/871.9/0.999688.kJ/s8式中SQ——热加理器想负荷热QS——加热器实际负热荷
QD——顶溜塔出带液热出QW量——底溜出塔液出带热量.专业.理.整下载编辑可热加蒸消耗汽量:得查H水V蒸气2168.k1J/gk(31.3C3,003kPa故hWQSHV水气蒸0.447k/gs表.4热量衡算4果结表符号C/QkJ/sWC/kg/sQF/kJ/sQD/k/JsQWk/J/s数值71.83920.5020-.3310.339SQ/kJs/6898.8h/Wk/gs.4470.专.业理.下载可整编第辑4章塔附属设的计备算4.筒体1与头封筒1体.05630002..104mm21205.0壁9选厚mm4所选,材质为3A。封头选取椭圆形头封,公由直径称003m,查m得面高曲度h1040mm直,边高度030mh,故m用封选头Dg3002,J1B2102742.除器空沫塔气速较大,顶带塔液重严及以艺工过程中许出不气速塔夹雾滴的带情况,下设除置沫器,以少液减夹带体损失,确保气纯体度保,证后续设的备常操作正。这选用里丝网沫器,除具有其表面积大比,质轻量,隙大空及用实便方优等。点设气计速取:选ukLV,系数k0.071Vu0.107084.55.28218.0ms/2.82除器直沫:径DV4S400.64.08m73u.411.80故取不选锈除沫器钢,型:类准标型规格,0-4100,材料:锈钢丝不网1Cr(81N9Ti),丝i尺寸,网圆丝02.433裙座.底塔用常座支裙,撑座裙的结垢性好能连接,产处的生部阻局小力所以它,是设备主的支要座式形为,了作方制便一,般采用筒圆。形裙座径为30mm0取裙座,壁厚16mm,则基础环径Db:i(302061)(.02~0.)4103132mm基础环外:径Dbo(300216()02~.0.4)103532mm圆:D整ib200mm,b0D60m0m,基环础厚度,虑考腐蚀余到取1量8mm考虑,再到沸器裙高座取m,2地螺角栓径直M去30。4.4手由孔于次设计的本塔径小较,所应以设手孔。置手孔设置应便的人于的手可以伸臂入,一塔每般隔45m—才设个一孔手本塔中共,3块板,须4设5手个,孔个每直孔径1为0mm04.。塔总体5度的高计设54..1塔部顶间空高是度指顶塔一层第塔到封头的顶直距线,离除沫器取到一第板块的离为距006m,塔m部顶间高度空为100m2。5m..24塔底的部空高度间的底塔部间高度是指空底最塔一末层盘到塔塔底封头下切线的距离釜液停留时间,取01in。mHB(LtS06RV)/AT(0.5~0.7)(01.497130600.142)/0.7850.6.42m1.5.43总塔体度高.专业.整理.下载可编辑HlHN精THTN提405(431)51012300mm12.3mHHlHBH群H封H顶1.32421.2.403.2120.14m46.换热(器料预进热器或品产冷器)的却计计设算55..1冷器却选取壳式管冷器,凝冷水凝循与环体气向方相反,即逆流式当。气体流入凝器时冷,其使液厚度膜减,薄传系热数大,增利节省于积面减,材少料费
用。取凝器冷传热系数:K550Kcal(m/2h),C地又平区温度均5C,120C对于流:逆T80.9C8225C.2tC553Ctmt2lnt12t8(09.52)82.(525)3nl(0.982)551.52C1t82.2(53)5故冷器冷凝面凝:积ACQ87.91390068719.963026,4702mKmt2302tm23205.152表51.选取的冷凝器数表[7参]公称径直m/m管程数管数长管m/m换热积面/2m公称力压/MaP1951130002225.149注:自摘《属金备》上设册P118表-2-52和P13表2-258-准图标:J号1B1457-1-2-38设备型号G23I7-5-25.55.2加热器用选U管加热器型,处经后理放在塔,。蒸釜汽选择13.3C3和水蒸气饱传热系,:数K1000Kacl(m2h/C)4186k/gm2h(C)t3313.1003.33C热量由算衡知SQ71899360.30193164k/Jh热面积换AQS319314622.2m52kt41833.63.专.业整.理下可编辑载5表2.所加选热参器表[数7]公直称径/mm程管数数管管长m/m换面积/热m2公压力/称PMa5191132002250.149:注摘《金自属设备》册上P118表2-2-5和1P35表22-8-标图准号:B1J145-1-7-329备设型号G2:73-2Ⅱ-445.进料7管的计设本加料选择高次槽位料,所加以FW可取04.-08./s。本次mW取F0.m6/s。tLD1.80C,查化6学化工物数据手性册得8苯1.813gkm3/,甲苯08896k./gm3则1LDDX苯(1X)D.0965甲苯831.150.35800.996.231013LD813.1k0g/m3F440.0626840.dFWFLD0077m3..410.6813.01式F中—进—料质量液量,流g/ksL——料条件下进液体的度,密kg/m3,圆后整dF80mm表5.3所选进料管参数表[]8管d22s外管d12s半径R1H管重H2(k//mg)81374675201501:摘自《注阀浮》P塔179表5-31.634.8泵选型的确为定泵送一输定量流需的所程扬,应H对送系输统进行械机衡算,这能选择里原料罐的面液与进料口的处管截面建立机能械衡算式:Pu2HZ2ggfh1hf2h3f式中:Z——两截处面位差头P——截面两静压头差处2u—两—截面处动压差头2ghf1——直管阻力hf2—管—、阀门件部局力阻fh—3流—体流经设的备阻力对进料u管F可1取.-25.5ms/取Fu2m/s,LD138.0k1g/m.3专业整.理.下载编辑可VS30400003060800018.301224.03m31/s管进流速FuVSD20.0202407.8500.12219.8m/s24提升压头huF9.811201.1mg229.8设料液面表至加料空置位为1m0管,长为2m0,有个两90弯,头0.75,Led/F35,Le530.01035m.,料液FD8L31.0k1g/m3F0.69m2aPs0.269103aPsRedFuFFF00.11.98281301.0.62190359902.891140为流湍0.3164R0e.25.03146(59092.19)08.25.001P1PFDP17.0852011.25365.kPa
在原料的液面与进液口料建立机械衡算:H能F(LLe)uF2Fdg2(0.232000.350.7)5128.2001.298..375m9eHZu2Fg2PFgFH10.2182.89.6513081.031.98.397514.87表-38泵的数参[表7流量/]3m/扬程/Hh/m6.01.75设型号:1备1ABA7转数/r2min/3004叶轮径直/mm125许允上吸空真度m/率/效%.575349.贮罐的计算以流回为例罐回流罐通,的过物量流Lh(R1D().7161).01101030.300komls/0.30086.402.61kg/s设凝液在回流罐中留停时的间1为m0in罐,填的系充为数0.7则,罐该的容积计算V如V下Lh/L.6122060/085.2407.556m.故3回罐流积容取可V6=m.专业3整理..下载可编辑第5章结论5.1结我们的论课设计程务任:苯-甲浮阀苯式连续精馏的塔设计历时进5在星期后个终于,成完了。这次对苯甲苯-浮式连阀续精馏的设计,我塔们了任务解计的基本容设掌握了它的主,程要序方法和培养,了分析和决工解程实际题问能力的更,重要的树是正立确的设思想,加强计了个的独人立成任务的完力。能据4根个星期多数的据计算理处得出了,些一主的基要数据,由所选参本数在进行核可校知冷却:水耗量Wc=消4.610Kg/3h,顶馏塔出液带热出量QD=-261.796KJh,塔底/馏液出带出热量WQ518=840.JK/h加热,汽消蒸耗W量h=10.47Kg1h/。精由馏的塔属设附的计备算可:知塔冷凝顶的器型为号G51I-25-29,塔底再沸器的号为G2型3I7I25--3。本次设计计算果均符合结计设要,故求次设计本是合的理。5.2主要数据果结总汇项目表61设计浮.塔板的阀要主结汇果总表符号单位计算数据塔径间板空塔气速距堰长堰板高清上液层高度降液管底隙高浮数阀孔阀气速阀浮动能子因界阀临孔速气心距孔单压降板降管液液层高度泛点率气相负上限荷相气负荷下操限作弹性DHTulhWhLhwNF00C0tPHdpF(V)SamxVS)min(mmmsm/mmm/smm/smPamm3%/m3s/s精段1馏0.541.080..0.06.0107.11101.6959.20.21.640.138897.7450.75800.3214.8馏段提1.4051.003.08.03570.6000.811106.961.770.5350.615.906.1577871.2.6059.00301.24塔板型类单溢流弓降形液.管专.业整理.结语束载下可辑编化工原理程课设计是化原工教学理的中个环节一,它要求对化原工理程课的个方各面比都较悉,特别熟计是部分对算工原化理课掌握程要求的度高,更且对设并的备选及型设要计有一定的了,解对化工绘图力要有能定的一求要通。这段过期间的程课计,我对化设工原设理有计了一步进认识,而且的化对原理精馏工一个这章节的识知更加悉熟,以说可是一步进巩固了。的
此外,程课计设是以对往过的学识加知以验检,它够培能养我们论联系实理的能力际,尤其这是精馏塔次计更设我使们深入的解理认识了化和工生产过,使程我们学的知识所不限局书本,于锻并了炼我的逻思维辑能力。计设过中程培养了还我自学能的力设,计的中许多知识需都查阅要资和料献文,要并求加以归、整纳理和结总。过通自学老师的及导指不仅,巩了我固学的化所工理原识知,更大地拓极了我的知宽识,面我让加更刻地深识认到际实工生化产程过理和论联的和差系,这别对将来的业毕计及工作无设疑起将重要的作用到。在此次化原工理计设程过,中我的收很获,大触也感很,深特是当别遇难题到到感束手无时策想就弃,放但我知道只那暂时的。在是老和同学们师帮的下,助我服了种种克难困程设课计圆完成满。我更觉了得好学基知础的重要识性,以便将为来的作打工下良的好基础在。此特,别感王谢卫东老,您师的指使导我得的设计作工得圆满完成以。此外,设计在过程中得到还许多了同学热的帮助心,一给以衷心的感并谢专业.整理..下载编可辑考参文献[]1晓马迅夏,兰素,庆曾主荣.编工化原理M[].京:北化工业学.0201[]2王东卫主.编化原工理程设计[课M].北:化学工业京2.10.91[3]恒,从敏德,方滋南图等.,化原工理(、上册下三第)[M]版北.京化学工:.业0062[]4中国石集化团上工程海.工化艺设计工手册上()M][北京化学工:业,020[35]伦唐成编著.化原工理程课设简计明教程,第一版[]:工M大学,2业050[6匡国柱]史启,才.工化元过程及设单备课设程计[]M.北京:学化业,工022[70]光,启连湘,马杰化.学工化性物数据册(手有机)卷M][.北:化学京业工2002,.专.整业.理附录1要主号说符明符号FDMqxWyRLVNTNpPtρσμVSLSumaHxhLTC20CuDTAZlWhhWWO.专.业理.整载下编可辑意义尔质摩进量料率塔采出率塔顶底出采率进热状料况液摩尔相分率气相摩尔率分回比流相负液荷气相负荷论理塔数板实塔际数操作压板力度密温度表面力粘度气相积体流率液相积体流率最空大气速塔间板距上板液高度负清系数荷负因子荷空塔气速径塔塔面积截效有高堰度长溢流堰度堰高液层上度高计单位量k/gmkolkmo/slkmloskmol/s/mklo/skmo/sPal℃kg/m3NmmmPa·/s3/sm3m/ms/smmmsm//smm2mmmmWdAfh0sWWAcatnφhEETKdCHQHPhFWoNgchA,1B2,DFmWLV载可下辑降编液管宽截面度积液降管中停时留间降管液隙高底边缘区度宽度无效区宽开度孔区面积中孔距浮阀数目开心率孔阻力液流收缩数系塔板效稳定率数系液管降液层高
比热容热量潜化热蒸用汽量气体阀孔的动因能子重力加速度塔板目与数板干压降强当相的液柱度下标高轻组分重组分馏出加料液平均值釜液液相相气.业.专理.整mm2smmmmmm2P个-amkJ/kmo(l℃k)/hJkJ/gkk/ghkg.05/(·ms.5)0m/sm附录22程序图框下载可编辑开始输入y1=XD=09.31=,2.5,2n1=,x=0q44,.wx=.0350yn=nNX用汽液相平衡方程nx=/y(--1)()求出yXnn=n1+XnXq>精馏由段操作线方程=0y6.x30+354.出求ny.业专整.理.Xn>w由提X段操馏作线方程=y.15x2-.008求1出ynn=n+用1液相平衡方汽程x=/y(-(-1y)求出)Xn解得论板理和数料进位板置结束附录3馏塔工艺精条件图下载可辑编专..整理业.附录4生产工流艺程图下可编辑载.业.整专理.下载可编辑.专.业理整.